(1) Advantages of vacuum heat treatment. Vacuum heat treatment is a non-oxidative heat treatment technology with a wide range of applications and a controllable atmosphere, and it is also one of the main indicators of the advanced degree of heat treatment production technology. Vacuum heat treatment can not only achieve no oxidation and decarburization of steel parts, but also achieve no pollution in production and less distortion of workpieces, so it also belongs to the category of clean and precise production technology. It has become an irreplaceable advanced technology in tool and die production.

(2) Vacuum heat treatment process. Low workpiece distortion is a very important advantage of vacuum heat treatment. According to domestic and foreign experience, the distortion amount of workpiece vacuum heat treatment is only one third of that of salt bath heating and quenching. It is of great significance to promote the vacuum heat treatment technology to study the vacuum heating methods of various materials and parts of different complexity and the distortion laws under various cooling conditions, and simulate them with computers. The uniformity of airflow during vacuum heating, atmospheric or high-pressure air-cooling quenching has a great influence on the quenching effect and mass dispersion of parts. It is of great significance to improve the structure of the furnace to study the air circulation law in the furnace by means of computer simulation. Vacuum carburizing is the most possible way to achieve high temperature carburizing. However, heating for a long time at high temperature will cause the austenite grain size of most steels to grow very large. For specific steel high-temperature carburization, the influence of reheating and quenching on the properties of materials and workpieces is studied, and the optimization of vacuum infiltration will be carried out. Carbon, cooling, heating and quenching processes and equipment are necessary. In recent years, there has been an international trend of research and development of combustion-type vacuum furnaces using gaseous fuels. There are too many difficulties in using gas fuel heating in a vacuum furnace. Although there is a saying of energy saving, it is not necessarily an important development direction.