Stress relief means that the workpiece is slowly heated to a specific temperature, held constant for a period of time, and then cryogenically cooled. Depending on the material composition, the temperature is chosen between 550 and 800°C. Stress relief is to reduce internal tension in the welded area, which reduces the risk of corrosion, followed by the removal of hydrogen from the steel. Annealing is a form of heat treatment that brings metals closer to their equilibrium state.

It softens the metal, making it more workable and provides greater ductility. During this process, the metal is heated above its critical temperature, thereby changing its microstructure. After that, the metal is slowly cooled. Quenching is a heat treatment method that is less expensive than annealing. Quenching is a heat treatment method in which a metal is heated above its upper critical temperature and then returned to room temperature rapidly. The quenching process prevents the cooling process from changing the microstructure of the metal.

Quenching, which can be done with water, oil, and other media, hardens the steel at the same temperature as full annealing. Normalizing is a form of heat treatment that removes impurities and increases strength and hardness by changing the grain size to make it more uniform throughout the metal. This is achieved by heating the metal to a certain temperature and cooling it with air.

During the whole process of scanning induction hardening, the drive shaft is positioned vertically and accurately, and the boss is located at the bottom end of the fixture. The distance between the induction switch and the collision axis of the sprayer is 25.4mm. The entire process begins with a 9 second wait time to warm the boss/arc area when the sprayer is turned off. Then just started scanning and painting, and the original induction switch travel speed was 16mm/s. After scanning for 1.6 seconds, the scan rate was reduced to 8 mm/sec and maintained at this rate. The hardness patterns of inductively tempered steel bars and tubes of various sizes have been interpreted in terms of effective tempering parameters that allow successive heating and cooling cycles to be converted into equivalent fixed temperature treatments.

In this way, the effect of induction heating variables in metal heat treatment processing on the tempering behavior of many hardened carbon and alloy steels has been investigated. The case construction process uses diffused carbon to strengthen the steel by forming a shell around the material, which makes the exterior strong without unnecessarily hardening the entire product during the process. Case application treatments can be applied to a variety of metal parts, including high-alloy and low-carbon steel parts.